Rectal Prolapse
Rectal prolapse occurs when the rectum protrudes through the anus. Minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery offers a permanent fix with quick recovery and excellent outcomes.
Overview
Rectal prolapse is a condition where part or all of the rectum slides out of its normal position and protrudes through the anus. It's most common in older women and can range from partial (mucosal) prolapse to complete (full-thickness) prolapse. The condition causes faecal incontinence, mucus discharge, bleeding, and significant discomfort.
Laparoscopic rectopexy — where the rectum is surgically lifted and secured back into position using mesh or sutures — is the preferred treatment. It provides a permanent solution with a low recurrence rate and avoids the large abdominal incision of open surgery.
Causes
- Chronic constipation and straining
- Weakened pelvic floor muscles (childbirth, ageing)
- Neurological conditions affecting pelvic nerves
- Previous pelvic surgery
- Connective tissue disorders
- Cystic fibrosis (in children)
Symptoms
- A red mass protruding from the anus, especially after bowel movements
- Faecal incontinence or mucus leakage
- A sensation of incomplete evacuation
- Rectal bleeding
- Constipation or difficulty emptying
- Pain or discomfort during bowel movements
Diagnosis
- Physical examination — asking the patient to strain to demonstrate the prolapse
- Defecography — X-ray or MRI during bowel movement simulation
- Anorectal manometry — measures sphincter strength
- Colonoscopy — rules out other pathology
Treatment Options
Laparoscopic rectopexy
Keyhole surgery to lift and fix the rectum to the sacrum using mesh. Same principles as open but much faster recovery.
Perineal procedures (Delorme/Altemeier)
Performed through the anus for elderly or high-risk patients who can't tolerate abdominal surgery.
Stapled transanal resection (STARR)
For internal prolapse (intussusception). A circular stapler removes redundant rectal tissue.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is rectal prolapse the same as piles?
No. Piles are swollen veins. Rectal prolapse involves the entire rectal wall. However, chronic straining from piles can contribute to prolapse.
Can pelvic floor exercises fix rectal prolapse?
Exercises can help mild internal prolapse but cannot correct a full-thickness external prolapse. Surgical repair is the only definitive cure.
Ready to Discuss Your Treatment?
Our rectal prolapse specialists in Kondapur are here to help. Most consultations available within 24 hours.